Restriction Modification Systems

Restriction modification systems are a natural defense system employed by bacteria to protect their genomes from invading foreign DNA. The system works by recognizing specific patterns of base pairs on incoming DNA and either cutting it or blocking it depending on the identity of the base pairs. Restriction modification systems are therefore a powerful mechanism for genetic engineers to manipulate and engineer DNA, by providing a means of creating precise mutations without the danger of foreign DNA being inserted. They are also important research tools for gene expression studies, as they provide a means of controlling gene expression in a safe and efficient manner.