Osteoarthritis Etiology

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It is a degenerative joint disease that affects the joints of the body, including the hands, spine, hips and knees. OA is caused by wear and tear of the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones in a joint, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. OA is a progressive disease, meaning symptoms may worsen over time if not treated. Treatment options depend on the severity of the OA, but usually include lifestyle modifications and medications to reduce pain, as well as physical therapy to maintain joint range of motion and strength. Surgery may be recommended in more severe cases. OA is a major cause of disability and can have a significant effect on quality of life.